Vocabulary

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 </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#b" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>B</B></A><B> ;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#c" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>C</B></A><B>;   </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#d" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>D</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#e" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>E</B></A><B>;  </B><B> </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#f" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>F</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#g" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>G</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#h" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>H</B></A></div> <div> <B> </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#i" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>I</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#j" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>J</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#k" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>K</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#l" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>L</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#m" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>M</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#n" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>N</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#o" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>O</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#p" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>P</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#q" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>Q</B></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id184_m.htm#r" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>R</B></A><B>;</B><B>  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#s" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>S</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#t" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>T</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#u" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>U</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#v" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>V</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#w" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>W</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#x" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>X</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#y" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>Y</B></A><B>;  </B><A HREF="id184_m.htm#z" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="Vocabulary"><B>Z</B></A></div> </td> <td valign="top" height=390 width="100%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <I>Vocabulary</I></div> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="a"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>A</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Abdomen</U></B></div> <div> The hind section of an arachnid's body that contains its reproductive organs and part of its digestive tract; the hind section of an insect's body. (p. 350)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Active Transport</U></B></div> <div> The process of diffusion that requires energy.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Adaptation</U></B></div> <div> A characteristic that helps an organism survive in its environment or reproduce. (pp. 149, 312)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Alga</U></B></div> <div> Any simple plantlike nonvascular photosynthetic autotroph.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Allele</U></B> </div> <div> Each member of a gene pair that determines a specific unit.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Amoeba</U></B></div> <div> A bloblike protist that uses its pseudopods to move and to obtain food.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Amphibian</U></B></div> <div> Vertebrates that are fishlike and that breathe through gills when immature. They live on land and breathe through lungs and moist skin as adults. Their skin contains many glands and their bodies lack scales and claws.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Angiosperm</U></B></div> <div> A plant whose seeds are contained in an ovary.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Animal</U></B></div> <div> Animals are multicellular organisms with specialized tissues, and most have organs and organ systems. They are heterotrophs, and have no cell walls.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Annulus</U></B></div> <div> A row of thickened cells that encircles the sporangium. (Plural <I>annuli</I>)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Antenna</U></B></div> <div> An appendage on the head of some animals that contains sense organs. (p. 349)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Antibiotic</U></B></div> <div> A chemical that destroys or weakens harmful microorganisms.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Anus</U></B></div> <div> The opening at the end of an organism's digestive system through which wastes exit. (pp. 331, 529)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Arachnid</U></B><B> </B></div> <div> A group of arthropods such as the spider, scorpion, tick and mites. Arachnids have a body divided into two parts, a head and chest part and an abdomen. They have four pairs of walking legs.</div> <div> An arthropod with only two body sections. (p. 350)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Arthropod</U></B><B> </B></div> <div> The three characteristics shared by all arthropods are an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and jointed appendages.</div> <div> An invertebrate that has an external skeleton, a segmented body, and jointed attachments called appendages.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Asexual Reproduction</U></B></div> <div> Reproduction requiring only one parent.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Autotrophs</U></B></div> <div> Organisms that produce their own food.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="b"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>B</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Bilateral symmetry</U></B></div> <div> Line symmetry; the quality of being divisible into two halves that are mirror images. (p. 316)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Bioluminescence</U></B></div> <div> The production of light by a living organism. (p. 364)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Bivalve</U></B></div> <div> A mollusk that has two shells held together by hinges and strong muscles. (p. 342)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Bog</U></B></div> <div> A wetland where sphagnum moss grows on top of acidic water. (p. 258)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Brown alga</U></B></div> <div> An alga that contains brown accessory pigments and belongs to the phylum Phaeophyta.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="c"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>C</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Camouflage</U></B></div> <div> Protective coloration; a common animal defense. (p. 358)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Carnivore</U></B></div> <div> An animal that eats only other animals. (pp. 313, 718)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Cells</U></B></div> <div> The basic unit of structure and function of a living thing.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Cephalopod</U></B></div> <div> A mollusk with feet adapted to form tentacles around its mouth. (p.344)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Chitin</U></B></div> <div> The tough, flexible material from which arthropod exoskeletons are made. (p. 347)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Chloroplasts</U></B></div> <div> Structures that contain chlorophyll; the food-making site in green plants.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Chordates</U></B></div> <div> At some time during their lives, all chordates have three important characteristics: a nerve cord, a notochord, and a throat with gill slits.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Chromosomes</U></B></div> <div> Rod-shaped cell structures that direct the activities of a cell and pass on traits to new cells.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Cilia</U></B></div> <div> Hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move with a wavelike beat; in ciliates, cilia help these organisms to move, obtain food, and sense the environment.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Ciliate</U></B></div> <div> An animallike protist that possesses cilia at some point in its life.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Circulatory System</U></B></div> <div> Transports nutrients, wastes, and other materials and plays a  role in the immune response.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Classification</U></B></div> <div> Grouping according to similar characteristics.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Closed Circulatory System</U></B></div> <div> A system in which the blood is contained within blood vessels.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Cnidarian</U></B></div> <div> Animals whose stinging cells are used to capture their prey and defend themselves, and who take their food into a hollow central cavity. (p. 323)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Cold-blooded</U></B></div> <div> Having a body temperature that can change somewhat with changes in the temperature of the environment.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Community</U></B></div> <div> The living part of any ecosystem - all the different organisms that live together in that area. </div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Complete metamorphosis</U></B></div> <div> A type of metamorphosis characterized by four dramatically different stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. </div> <div> (p. 356)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Cone</U></B></div> <div> In plants, a reproductive structure of a gymnosperm.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Crustacean</U></B></div> <div> An Arthrop that has a hard exoskeleton, two pairs of antennae, and mouthparts that are used for crushing and grinding food.</div> <div> An arthropod that has two or three body sections, five or more pairs of legs, two pairs of antennae, and usually three pairs of appendages for chewing. (p. 349)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Cuticle</U></B></div> <div> The waxy, waterproof layer that covers the leaves and stems of some plants. (p. 249)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="d"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>D</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Decomposer</U></B></div> <div> An organism that breaks down dead organisms into simpler substances, thereby returning important materials to </div> <div> the soil and water.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Diatom</U></B></div> <div> A plantlike protist that has a beautiful two-part glassy shell.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Diffusion</U></B></div> <div> Process by which materials enter and leave a cell through the cell membrane.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Dinoflagellate</U></B></div> <div> A plantlike protist that typically has cell walls that look like plates of armor and possesses two flagella, one of</div> <div> which trails from one end like a tail and the other of which wraps around the middle of the organism like a belt.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Dominant</U></B></div> <div> Trait that is expressed when two different genes for the same trait are present; "stronger" of two traits. </div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="e"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>E</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Echinoderm</U></B></div> <div> Animals that have a spiny skin, an internal skeleton, a five-part body, a water vascular system, and structures called tube feet.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Ecology</U></B></div> <div> The study of the relationship and interactions of living  things with one another and with their environment. </div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Ecosystem</U></B></div> <div> A unit consisting of all the living and nonliving things in a given area  that interact with one another. </div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Ectothermic</U></B></div> <div> An animal (Example: reptiles) that must absorb heat from the environment because their metabolism is too slow to produce enough heat to warm their bodies.</div> <bR> <div> <U>Endocrine System</U></div> <div> Plays a part in the regulation of metabolism, reproduction, and many other functions.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Endoskeleton</U></B></div> <div> An internal skeleton. (p. 365)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Endothermic</U></B></div> <div> The ability of an animal (mammals and birds) to maintain a high, constant body temperature because they produce heat internally through a faster metabolism.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Environment</U></B></div> <div> All the living and nonliving things with which an organism may interact. </div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Euglena</U></B></div> <div> A plantlike flagellate protist that belongs to the genus <I>Euglena</I> and is characterized by a pouch that holds two flagella, a reddish eyespot, and a number of grass-green chloroplasts that are used in photosynthesis.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>External Fertilization</U></B></div> <div> Process in which a sperm joins with an egg outside the body.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Exoskeleton</U></B></div> <div> Rigid outer covering in most arthropods. An outer skeleton. (p. 347)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="f"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>F</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Feeding Level</U></B></div> <div> The location of an organism along a food chain.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Fern</U></B></div> <div> Green plants, Ferns and their relatives share two characteristics. They have vascular tissue and use spores to </div> <div> reproduce.Most ferns have underground stems in addition to underground roots. The leaves, or fronds, grow</div> <div> above ground. (p. 263)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Fertilization</U></B></div> <div> The joining of a sperm cell and an egg cell. (pp. 252,663)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Flagellum</U></B></div> <div> A long whiplike structure that propels a cell through its environment.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Flower</U></B></div> <div> A reproductive structure of an angiosperm.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Food Chain</U></B></div> <div> Represents a series of events in which food and energy are transferred from one organism in an ecosystem to another.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Food Web</U></B></div> <div> Consists of many overlapping food chains.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Frond</U></B></div> <div> The green leaf of a fern plant. Fronds are divided into many smaller parts that look like small leaves. Spores are</div> <div> produced on the undersides of mature fronds. (p. 264)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Fruit</U></B></div> <div> A ripened ovary of a plant that encloses and protects the seed or seeds.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Fungus</U></B></div> <div> A heterotroph, usually multicellular, that releases chemicals that digest the substance on which it is growing and then absorbs the digested food; multicellular fungi are made up of threadlike hyphae; many fungi reproduce by means of spores.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="g"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>G</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Gamete</U></B></div> <div> A sperm cell or an egg cell. (p. 253)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Gametophyte</U></B></div> <div> The stage in the life cycle of a plant in which the plant produces gametes, or sex cells. (p.253)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Gastropod</U></B></div> <div> A mollusk with a single shell or no shell. (p. 342)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Geneotype</U></B></div> <div> Gene makeup of an organism.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Genes</U></B></div> <div> Units of heredity; segments of DNA on chromosomes.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Genetic Engineering</U></B></div> <div> The transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism into another organism, in order to produce an organism</div> <div> with desired traits. (p. 134)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Genetics</U></B></div> <div> Study of heredity, or the passing on of traits from an organism to its offspring.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Gestation Period</U></B> </div> <div> Time the young of placental mammals spend inside the mother.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Gill</U></B></div> <div> An organism's breathing organ that removes oxygen from water. (p. 341)</div> <div> Feathery structure through which water-dwelling animals breathe.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Gradual metamorphosis</U></B></div> <div> A type of metamorphosis in which and egg hatches into a nymph that resembles an adult, and which has no distinctly different larval stage. (p. 356)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Green Alga</U></B></div> <div> An alga that gets its color from the green pigment chlorophyll and belongs to the phylum Chlorophyta.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Gymnosperm</U></B></div> <div> A plant whose seeds are not contained in an ovary.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="h"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>H</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Herbivore</U></B></div> <div> An animal that eats only plants. (pp.312, 718)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Heterotrophs</U></B><B> </B></div> <div> Organisms unable to make their own food.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Homeostasis</U></B></div> <div> An organisms' ability to maintain a constant body temperature even though conditions in its external </div> <div> environment change.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Hybrid</U></B></div> <div> Organism that has two different genes for a trait, or that combines traits of two different but related species.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Hypha</U></B></div> <div> One of the branching, threadlike tubes that makes up the body of a multicellular fungus.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="i"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>I</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Incomplete Dominance</U></B></div> <div> Condition in which neither of the two genes in a gene pair masks the other.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Ingestion</U></B></div> <div> The process of eating.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Insect</U></B></div> <div> Organisms having a body that is divided into three parts, a head, a chest, and an abdomen, and that has three pairs of legs attached to the chest part. </div> <div> An arthropod with three body sections, six legs, one pair of antennae, and usually one or two pairs of wings. (p. 355)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Internal Fertilization</U></B></div> <div> Process in which a sperm joins with an egg inside the body.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Invertebrate</U></B></div> <div> An animal that does not have a backbone. (pp. 313)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="j"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>J</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="k"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>K</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Kidney</U></B></div> <div> A major organ of the excretory system; eliminates urea, excess water, and other waste materials from the body. (pp. 341, 581)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="l"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>L</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Larva</U></B></div> <div> The immature form of an animal that looks very different from the adult. (p. 322)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Leaf</U></B></div> <div> A structure in vascular plants whose main function is typically photosynthesis.(p. 278)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Lichen</U></B></div> <div> A plantlike structure that is formed by a fungus and an alga that live together.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Lipids</U></B></div> <div> Scientific term for fats and oils.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="m"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>M</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Mammals</U></B></div> <div> Warm-blooded vertebrates that have hair or fur and that feed their young with milk produced in mammary glands.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Medusa</U></B></div> <div> The cnidarian body plan characterized by a bowl shape and which is adapted for a free-swimming life. (p. 324)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Meiosis</U></B> </div> <div> Process of cell division in which sex cells (sperm and egg) are produced.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Metabolism</U></B></div> <div> All chemical activities in an organism.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Metamorphosis</U></B></div> <div> A proces in which an animal's body undergoes dramatic changes in form during its life cycle. (p. 350)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Migrate (Migration)</U></B></div> <div> To move to a new environment during the course of a year.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Mitosis</U></B></div> <div> The process by which the nucleus of a cell divides into two nuclei and the formation of two new daughter cells</div> <div> begins.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Mold</U></B></div> <div> A fuzzy, shapeless, fairly flat multicellular fungus.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Mollusk</U></B></div> <div> An invertebrate with a soft, unsegmented body; most are protected by hard outer shells. (p. 340)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Molting</U></B></div> <div> The process of shedding an outgrown exoskeleton. (p. 348)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Moneran</U></B></div> <div> Tiny organisms that consist of a single cell, and lack a nucleus as well as certain other  cell structures.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Moss</U></B></div> <div> The most diverse group of nonvascular plants (over 10,000 species). (p. 257)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Moss Life Cycle</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <IMG SRC="5999ff90.gif" border=0 width="415" height="505" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Mushroom</U></B></div> <div> A multicellular fungus shaped like an umbrella.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="n"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>N</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Niche</U></B></div> <div> The role an organism plays in a community. It consists of everything the organism does and everything the organism needs in its environment.   </div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Nonvascular Plant</U></B></div> <div> A low-growing plant that lacks vascular tissue. (p. 256)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Nucleus</U></B></div> <div> The "brain" or control center of the cell.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Nymph</U></B></div> <div> A stage of gradual metamorphosis that usually resembles the adult insect. (p. 356)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="o"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>O</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Omnivore</U></B></div> <div> An animal that eats both plants and animals. (pp. 313, 718)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Open Circulatory System</U></B></div> <div> A system in which the blood is not contained within blood vessels. Example: arthropods.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Organ</U></B></div> <div> A structure in the body that is composed of different kinds of tissues. (pp. 311, 475)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Organelles</U></B></div> <div> Structures that make up a cell.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Osmosis</U></B></div> <div> Diffusion with water.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Ovule</U></B></div> <div> A structure in a female cone or flower that contains an egg's cell and develops into a seed.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="p"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>P</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Paramecium</U></B></div> <div> A slipper-shaped ciliate protist that belongs to the genus <I>Paramecium</I>.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Permeable</U></B></div> <div> Allowing any material to pass through.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Peat</U></B></div> <div> The blackish-brown material consisting of compressed layers of dead sphagnum mosses that gro in bogs.</div> <div>  (p. 258)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Petal</U></B></div> <div> A colorful leaflike flower structure that serves to attract pollinators.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Phenotype</U></B></div> <div> Physical characteristics.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Pheromone</U></B></div> <div> Powerful chemical given off by an insect to attract a mate.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Phloem</U></B></div> <div> Plant vascular tissue that carries food.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Photosynthesis</U></B></div> <div> Process by which organisms use energy from the sun to make their own food.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Pistil</U></B></div> <div> A female reproductive organ in a flower, which consists of a stigma, style, and ovule-containing ovary.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Pollen</U></B></div> <div> Tiny grains that can be thought of as containing sperm cells, which are produced by male cones and flowers.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Pollination</U></B></div> <div> The process by which pollen is carried from male reproductive structures to female reproductive structures.     </div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Polyp</U></B></div> <div> The cnidarian body plan characterized by a vaselike shape and which is usually adapted for life attached to an underwater surface. (p. 323)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Population</U></B>      </div> <div> A group of organisms of the same type, or species, living together in the same area.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Predator</U></B></div> <div> A carnivore that hunts and kills other animals for food and has adaptations that help it capture the animals it preys upon. (pp. 313, 706)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Prey</U></B></div> <div> An animal that a predator feeds upon. (pp. 313, 706)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Protists</U></B></div> <div> A unicellular organism that contains a nucleus.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Pseudopod</U></B></div> <div> A temporary extension of the cell membrane and cytoplasm used in feeding and/or movement.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Pupa</U></B></div> <div> The second stage of complete metamorphosis, in which an insect is enclosed in a protective covering and gradually changes from a larva to an adult. (p. 356)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="q"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>Q</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="r"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>R</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Radial symmetry</U></B></div> <div> The quality of having many lines of symmetry that all pass through a central point. (p. 316)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Radula</U></B></div> <div> A flexible ribbon of tiny teeth in mollusks. (p.341)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Recessive</U></B></div> <div> Trait that seems to disappear when two different genes for the same trait are present; "weaker" of the two traits.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Red Alga</U></B></div> <div> An alga that contains red accessory pigments and belongs to the phylum Rhodophyta.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Regeneration</U></B></div> <div> The ability of an organism to regrow body parts. (p. 328)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Reptiles</U></B></div> <div> Cold-blooded vertebrates that have lungs, scaly skin, and a special type of egg.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Respiration</U></B></div> <div> Process by which living organisms take in oxygen and use it to produce energy.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Respiratory System</U></B></div> <div> Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and air.  </div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Response</U></B></div> <div> Some action or movement of an organism caused by a stimulus.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Rhizoid</U></B></div> <div> The thin, rootlike structure that anchors a moss and absorbs water and nutrients for the plant. (p. 257)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Root</U></B></div> <div> A structure in vascular plants whose main functions are typically absorption and anchorage. Roots anchor a plant in the ground and absorb water and nutrients from the soil. (p. 282)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="s"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>S</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Sarcodine</U></B></div> <div> An animallike protist that possesses pseudopods.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Scavenger</U></B></div> <div> An animal that feeds on the bodies of dead animals.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Sepal</U></B></div> <div> A leaflike structure that protects a developing flower.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Slime mold</U></B></div> <div> A funguslike protist that is a microscopic amoebalike cell at one stage of its life cycle and a large, moist, flat, shapeless blob at another stage; slime molds produce reproductive structures known as fruiting bodies, which contain spores.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Species</U></B></div> <div> A group of similar organisms that can produce offspring.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Sponges</U></B></div> <div> The simplest group of invertebrates with a body covered with many pores, or tiny openings.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Sporangium</U></B></div> <div> The tiny spore cases that grow on the undersides of fern fronds. (Plural <I>sporangia</I>)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Spore</U></B></div> <div> A cell, usually surrounded by a protective wall, that is specialized either for reproduction or for a resting</div> <div> stage; the reproductive cells produced by most fungi. A tiny cell that is  able to grow into a new organism.</div> <div> (p. 223)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Sporophyte</U></B></div> <div> The stage in the life cycle of a plant in which the plant produces spores for reproduction. (p. 253)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Sporozoan</U></B></div> <div> A parasitic animallike protist that has a complex life cycle involving more than one kind of host animal and that typically produces cells called spores in order to pass from one host to another.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Stamen</U></B></div> <div> A male reproductive organ in a flower, which consists of a filament topped by a pollen-producing anther.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Stem</U></B></div> <div> A structure in vascular plants whose main functions are typically to carry materials between the roots and</div> <div> leaves and to support the plant.(p. 280)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Stimulus</U></B></div> <div> Signal to which an organism reacts.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Symbiosis</U></B></div> <div> A relationship in which one organism lives on, near, or even inside another organism and at least one of the organisms benefits.     </div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="t"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>T</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Taxonomy</U></B></div> <div> The science of classification.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Territory</U></B></div> <div> Area where an individual animal lives.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Thorax</U></B></div> <div> An insect's mid-section, to which its wings and legs are attached. (p. 355)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Tissue</U></B></div> <div> A group of similar cells that perform a specific function in an organism. (p.252, 474)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Trait</U></B></div> <div> Physical appearance</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Tropism</U></B></div> <div> In plants, the growth of a plant toward or away from a stimulus.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="u"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>U</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Unicellular</U></B></div> <div> One celled.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="v"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>V</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Vascular plant</U></B></div> <div> A plant that has vascular tissue.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Vascular Tissue</U></B></div> <div> The internal transporting tissue in some plants that is made up of tubelike structures. (p. 252)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Vertebrate</U></B></div> <div> The bones that make up the backbone of an animal. (pp. 375, 481)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="w"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>W</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Water Vascular System</U></B></div> <div> A system of fluid-filled tubes in an echinoderm's body. (p. 366)</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="x"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>X</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Xylem</U></B></div> <div> Plant vascular tissue that carries water and minerals from the roots up through a plant and that also helps to support a plant.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="y"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>Y</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Yeast</U></B></div> <div> A unicellular fungus.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U> <A NAME="z"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></U></B><B><U>Z</U></B></div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Zooflagellate</U></B></div> <div> An animallike protist that possesses flagella.</div> <bR> <div> <B><U>Zygote</U></B></div> <div> A fertilized egg, produced by the joining of a sperm and an egg. (p. 252, 663)</div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>