Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Directions: Use the diagram to answer questions 1 and
2.
What is structure E? a. | The
epiglottis | c. | The
diaphragm | b. | The trachea | d. | The larynx | | | | |
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2.
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Which
respiratory system structure closes off the trachea when a person swallows?
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3.
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Perspiration helps maintain body temperature by a. | washing bacteria
off the skin | c. | evaporating and
saving body heat | b. | evaporating and carrying body heat
away | d. | preventing heat
from entering the body | | | | |
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4.
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When
a person's body needs water, the brain helps maintain homeostasis by sending signals that make the
person a. | feel
thirsty | c. | put on a
sweater | b. | perspire | d. | feel tired | | | | |
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5.
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What
is one thing adrenaline does to the body during stress? a. | It makes the
pupils of the eyes become smaller. | c. | It stimulates the appetite. | b. | It reduces
hearing. | d. | It increases the
heart rate. | | | | |
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6.
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Which
cells in the immune system identifiy pathogens and distinguish one pathogen from
another? a. | T
cells | c. | Phagocytes | b. | B cells | d. | Red blood cells | | | | |
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7.
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When
a person's own immune system produces antibodies in response to the presence of a pathogen, that
person has a. | an allergic
reaction | c. | active
immunity | b. | passive immunity | d. | an antibiotic | | | | |
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8.
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Directions: Use the diagram to answer the question.
Which of the
following describes what is happening in the diagram? a. | Antibodies
destroy pathogens by infecting T cells. | c. | Antibodies destroy pathogens by binding to antigens on the
pathogen | b. | Antibodies destroy pathogens by breaking the cell membranes of
pathogens. | d. | Antibodies
destroy pathogens by destroying phagocytes. | | | | |
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9.
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How
does the body acquire active immunity to a disease without getting the disease? a. | Through
vaccination | c. | By means of the
inflammatory response | b. | Through an allergic reaction | d. | By means of passive immunity | | | | |
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10.
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What
is the process of heating food or a liquid to a temperature that kills most
pathogens? a. | Sanitation | c. | Sterilization | b. | Pasteurization | d. | None of the above | | | | |
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11.
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Which
of the following is an advance in health care technology that helps to improve quality of
life? a. | Gene
therapy | c. | Ultrasound | b. | Bionics | d. | All of the above | | | | |
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12.
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During DNA replication, adenine (A) always pairs with a. | guanine
(G) | c. | thymine(T) | b. | cytosine(C) | d. | adenine(A) | | | | |
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13.
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Directions: Use the diagram to answer the question.
Each rung of the
DNA ladder is made of a. | a single nitrogen base | c. | a pair of carbon bases | b. | a pair of
nitrogen bases | d. | a single carbon
base | | | | |
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14.
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What
does the notation Tt mean to geneticists? a. | Two dominant
alleles | c. | At least one
recessive allele | b. | Two recessive alleles | d. | One dominant allele and one recessive
allele | | | | |
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15.
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An
organism's physical appearance is its a. | genotype | c. | codominance | b. | phenotype | d. | heterozygous | | | | |
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16.
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Directions: Use the diagram to answer questions 16 through
18.
If flower color is determined by the rules of Mendelian genetics, what
is the phenotype of the offspring in the F
generation?
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17.
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In
the F generation, what percentage of the offspring
have purple flowers?
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18.
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In
the F generation, what percentage of the offspring
have white flowers?
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19.
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An
organism's genotype is its a. | genetic makeup | c. | physical appearance | b. | feather
color | d. | stem
height | | | | |
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20.
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Which
of these traits is controlled by a gene with multiple alleles? a. | Straight
hairline | c. | Widow's
peak | b. | Smile
dimples | d. | Blood
type | | | | |
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21.
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What
factors can affect a person's height? a. | Genes only | c. | Both genes and environmental factors | b. | Environmental
factors only | d. | The sex
chromosomes a person inherits | | | | |
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22.
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Why
are sex-linked traits more common in males than in females? a. | All alleles on
the X chromosome are dominant. | c. | A recessive
allele on the X chromosome will always produce the trait in a male. | b. | All alleles on
the Y chromosome are recessive. | d. | Any allele on
the Y chromosome will be codominant with the matching allele on the X
chromosome. | | | | |
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23.
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Genetic disorders are caused by a. | pedigrees | c. | dominant alleles | b. | mutations | d. | sickle-shaped
cells | | | | |
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24.
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Hemophilia is caused by a. | a recessive allele on the X
chromosome | c. | a dominant
allele | b. | an extra chromosome | d. | a codominant allele | | | | |
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25.
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Down
syndrome most often occurs when a. | a person inherits a recessive
allele | c. | sickle-shaped
cells become stuck in blood vessels | b. | chromosomes fail to separate properly during
meiosis | d. | blood fails to
clot properly | | | | |
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26.
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Cloning results in two organisms that are a. | both adult
mammals | c. | genetically
similar | b. | produced from cuttings | d. | genetically identical | | | | |
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27.
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Which
of these is an example of the benefits of genetic engineering? a. | Cross-breeding
to create disease-resistant crops | c. | Analyzing karyotypes and pedigree
charts | b. | Making human insulin to treat people with
diabetes | d. | Growing a new
plant from a cutting | | | | |
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28.
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What
procedure helps doctors diagnose a genetic disorder before a baby is born? a. | Genetic
engineering | c. | Amniocentesis | b. | Selective breeding | d. | Cloning | | | | |
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29.
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Which
is the broadest classification level? a. | Family | c. | Phylum | b. | Kingdom | d. | Species | | | | |
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30.
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One
characteristic used to place organisms into kingdoms is a. | how they
move | c. | their ability to
make food | b. | where they live | d. | their ability to reproduce | | | | |
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31.
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Which
of the following is NOT a characteristic that biologists use to classify
animals? a. | The animal's
body structure | c. | Where the animal
lives | b. | The animal's DNA | d. | The way that the animal develops as an
embryo | | | | |
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32.
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Which
kingdom includes only prokaryotes? a. | Eubacteria | c. | Plant | b. | Protist | d. | Fungi | | | | |
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33.
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Which
of the following characteristics do all plants share? a. | Being
unicellular | c. | Being
prokaryotes | b. | Producing flowers | d. | Being autotrophs | | | | |
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34.
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Which
kingdom includes only multicellular heterotrophs? a. | Protist | c. | Plant | b. | Eubacteria | d. | Animal | | | | |
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35.
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Directions: Use the diagram to answer the question.
Which of the
following is found in the cytoplasm of bacterial cells? a. | Cell
membrane | c. | Genetic
material | b. | Nucleus | d. | Flagella | | | | |
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36.
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A
fungus that is a parasite might feed on a. | a person's skin | c. | bread | b. | a dead
tree | d. | wet bathroom
tiles | | | | |
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37.
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Which
of the following is NOT a role of bacteria that live in human bodies? a. | Digesting
food | c. | Making
vitamins | b. | Preventing disease-causing bacteria from attaching to your
intestines | d. | Preventing
diabetes | | | | |
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38.
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Which
experiment is BEST to determine if temperature affects the growth of ivy plants? a. | Keep one ivy
plant in a dark refrigerator and another on a windowsill near a
heater. | c. | Keep two ivy
plants side by side, but water one with cold water and the other with warm
water. | b. | Put one ivy plant in a shady window and another in a sunny
window. | d. | Put one ivy
plant in a cool place and another in a warm place, but give both the same amount of light and
water. | | | | |
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39.
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The
graph below shows the relative rates of action of a specific enzyme at different
temperatures.
As the temperature increases from 30 C to 50 C, the rate of action of this
enzyme a. | remains the
same | c. | decreases
only | b. | increases
only | d. | increases, then
decreases | | | | |
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40.
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Directions: Use the following diagram to answer questions 40 and
41.
What does structure A in the diagram contain? a. | Water | b. | Food | c. | Spores | d. | Leaves | | |
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41.
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What
is structure D in the diagram? a. | Rhizoid | b. | Capsule | c. | Cuticle | d. | Sporophyte | | |
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